Chapter 8: Metric System

Topics in Mathematics

Chapter 8 Homework Assignments=

Section 8.1 &= nbsp; 4, 5, 7, 17-24, 33-56, 79-84

Section 8.2 &= nbsp; 1-= 12, 107, 109, 111, 115-130

Section 8.3 &= nbsp; 39= -52, 63, 65, 67, 74, 75

Section 8.4 &= nbsp; 5-= 24, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53

Chapter 8: Metric System

Section 8.1:&nb= sp; Basic Terms and Conversions within the Metric System

Metr= ic System: A system of measurement used throughout most of the world (except US).

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Adva= ntages:

Base= Units of Measure:

Pref= ixes: The metric system uses prefixes at= tached to the base units to create different units of measurement. These units created with prefixes = are related to the base unit (exp= : centimeters and kilometers rather = than inches and miles). The units with prefixes are used to represent measuremen= ts that are very large or very small. You wouldn’t want to represent the distance from NY to Los Angeles in met= ers (km). You wouldn’t want= to represent an amount of medicine in a fraction of a liter (ml).

M= etric Prefixes

Pr= efix	Sy= mbol	Me= aning

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M= ultiplying by Powers of Ten

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Mult= iplying by 10, 100, 1000, etc.

Examples: &= nbsp; &nbs= p; 368.54 &= nbsp; &nbs= p; &= nbsp; 15.039

= &nb= sp; = x 10 &= nbsp; &nbs= p; &= nbsp; x 1000

Mult= iplying by 1/10, 1/100, 1/1000, etc. (Dividing by 10, 100, 1000, etc.)

Examples: &= nbsp; 368.54 = ¸ 100 =3D = &nb= sp; 15.039 = ¸ 1000 =3D

C= onversion of Units with Prefixes:&nbs= p; The metric system is based on the number 10. Therefore, it is very easy to conv= ert between units with prefixes.

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Conv= erting from a Smaller Unit to a Larger Unit:

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Conv= erting from a Larger Unit to a Smaller Unit:

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Exam= ples: 14,386.24 m to km

1.3629 dm to cm

.59 dal to dl

18,960 hg to g

300,000 dg to kg

.00031 km to mm

5090 cl to hl

380,000 mm to dm

Sect= ion 8.2: Length, Area and Volume=

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Leng= th: A one-dimensional measurement.

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Area= : A two-dimensional measurement= . Areas are expressed in square unit= s, such as km², m², cm², or mm².

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Exam= ples:

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How many = square inches in a square foot?

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How many = square feet in a 4square yards?

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How many = square centimeters in a square meter?

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How many = square meters in 5 square kilometers?

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Volu= me: A three-dimensional measureme= nt. The units used to measure volume d= epend on whether the quantity measured is liquid or solid (same as with our syste= m of measure).

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Volu= me of Liquids

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Volu= me of Solids

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Exam= ples:

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How many = cubic centimeters in a cubic meter?

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How many = cubic millimeters in 18.5 cubic centimeters?

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Conv= erting Between Liquid and Solid Volume:

Solid Volume	Equivalen= t to	Liquid Volume
	=3D
	=3D
	=3D

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= 1) = <= /p>

= 2) = <= /p>

= 3) = <= /p>

= 4) = <= /p>

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Exam= ple: A lobster tank me= asures 1m by 1.5m by 2.4m. 1) Determine the volume of the tank in cubic meters. 2) Determine the volume in liters.

Exam= ple: A sink measures 3= dm by 2dm by 2dm. 1) Determine the volume of the sink in cubic decimeters. 2) Determine the volume in deciliters= .

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Sect= ion 8.3: Mass and Temperature

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Mass= : Measure of amount of matter in an object. (Weight, on the other= hand, is the measure of gravitational pull on an object)

Relationship of Volume and Mass

So= lid Volume in Cubic Units		Li= quid Volume in Liters		Ma= ss of Water
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&nbs= p;	=3D	&nbs= p;	=3D	&nbs= p;
&nbs= p;	=3D	&nbs= p;	=3D	&nbs= p;

Exam= ple: An aquarium measu= res 80cm by 60cm by 50cm. 1) Determine the volume of the aquari= um in cubic centimeters. 2) Determine the volume in liters. 3) Determine the mass of water in hectograms.

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Exam= ple: An art-deco vase measures 2dm by .5dm by .5dm. 1) Determine the volum= e of the vase in cubic decimeters. 2) Determine the volume in deciliters= . 3) Determine the mass of water in grams.

T= emperature: In the Celsius scale, 0° is the freezing point of water and 100° is the boiling point of water. In the Fahrenheit scale, 32° i= s the freezing point of water and 212° is the boiling point of water.

Conv= ersions

Exam= ples:

92°F → °C &= nbsp;

15°C → °F &= nbsp;

98.6°F → °C &= nbsp;

71°C → °F &= nbsp;

Section 8.4:&nb= sp; Conversions To and From The Metric System

Unit Fraction: A fracti= on in which the numerator and denominator contain different units and the value of the fraction is 1. Unit fract= ions are used to convert a measurement from one unit to a different unit. Whenever we know two equal measure= ments, we can create unit fractions.

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Exam= ples:

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Convert 1= 5 feet to inches.

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Convert 3= 36 inches to feet

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Convert 1= 9.5 gallons to ounces.

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Convert 1= 3 hours to minutes.

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Convert 1= 056 ounce to gallons.

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Convert 8= 52 minutes to hours.

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Conv= ert the following:

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200 cm to= inches

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150 pound= s to kg

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28 liters= to gallons

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575 g to = ounces

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12 miles = to km

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5.5 feet = to cm

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3.5 liter= s to quarts

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55 miles = per hour to km per hour

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